Sex differences in elbow and wrist joint loading during the cartwheel and round off with different hand positions performed by young gymnasts     

Roman Farana  Gerda Strutzenberger  Timothy Exell  Jiri Skypala  Huw Wiltshire  Gareth Irwin 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(13):1449-1456

The aim of the study was to determine if sex differences exist in the key elbow and wrist joint injury risk factors during different cartwheel (CW) and round-off (RO) techniques performed by young male and female artistic gymnasts. Sixteen active young gymnasts (8 males and 8 females) performed 30 successful trials of CW and RO with three different hand positions (parallel (10), T-shape (10) and reverse (10)). Synchronised kinematic and kinetic data were collected for each trial. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (3 × 2, technique × sex) and effect-sizes (ES) were used for statistical analysis. In conclusion, female gymnasts exhibited greater normalised peak vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF), elbow and wrist compression forces and elbow internal adduction moments during CW and RO skills compared with male gymnasts. In both sexes, the parallel and reverse techniques increased peak VGRF, elbow and wrist compression forces and the elbow internal adduction moment. Increased elbow flexion resulted in decreased peak VGRF, elbow compression forces and elbow internal adduction moment. Injury risk factors including elbow extension and internal adduction moment with axial compression force suggest that a CW and RO in reverse and parallel techniques can be hazardous especially for young female gymnasts.  相似文献   

欧洲足球五大联赛市场治理的经验及对中国的借鉴     

布特  刘雪薇 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2020,34(6)

本文应用文献资料法、数据分析法，以欧洲足球五大联赛2017/18赛季经营状况为载体，从职业足球俱乐部内部经营和市场环境两方面讨论和研究治理做法和经验，从而指出五大联赛市场平稳有序和职业足球俱乐部可持续发展的经验。从我国足球国情出发，结合五大联赛市场治理经验，探索中超联赛市场治理创新，研究认为：创新治理主体结构，形成“三位一体”的治理格局，明确中超治理主体责任；创新职业足球市场治理体制，提高中超市场自治能力和水平；创新职业俱乐部内部治理体系，创造职业足球俱乐部健康可持续发展生态；创新治理价值体系，打造足球产业经营全产业链，创造中超市场盈利模式。  相似文献   

耗散结构理论在校园足球训练中的初探     

金旭 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(6):65-66,79

近年来校园足球得到高度重视,但是各个地方的中小学足球训练方法还是比较陈旧,教师没有开放自己的思想,导致实施的结果与成绩不理想,因此本文尝试将耗散结构理论与混沌融入校园足球训练中,尝试探讨耗散结构理论在校园足球训练中的应用。使我国足球训练达到一定的水平及高度,首先要做的是学校体育管理者、足球教练、学生以及学生家长们在足球训练发展的各方面保持思想的开放性、远离平衡态,从而推动我国校园足球训练的健康全面发展,形成一套训练方法理念以及训练体系。  相似文献   

人类发展指数水平与足球运动发展的或然关系——基于面板数据的实证研究     

傅鸿浩  刘波  张廷安  龚波  郭振  肖辉 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(11):20-26

足球运动在世界范围内的普及化与社会化程度日益增强，各国（地区）若要获得全球化竞争中的优势，应注重探讨社会与足球运动发展的关系。通过对1993-2017年131个国家（地区）的人类发展指数与足球排名积分的面板数据建模，以揭示两者之间的关系。研究结果表明，不同国家（地区）的人类发展指数对足球运动发展的影响应建立个体和时点双固定效应模型，模型最高的R²为0.871 32，F检验值为71.014 65，P<0.001，该模型具备较高的解释能力。结论：固定效应模型在考虑历时性因素与不宜观测因素后，在1993-2017年阶段，人类发展指数对于足球运动的发展作用存在分化现象，尤其对亚洲与人口大国的足球运动发展存在制约作用，对南美洲与中等人口国家存在促进作用，人类发展指数与足球运动发展存在一定的或然关系。人类发展指数反映了社会发展的综合水平，对于存在制约效应的国家而言，应当着重考虑社会其它领域（经济、教育、医疗卫生等）与足球运动的互动、协同与融合发展。  相似文献   

日本足球归化运动员的历史演进、运作逻辑与实践启示     

张大为  田胜国  刘兵 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(3):80-86,106

从历史演进视角对日本足球归化运动员进行研究,将归化演进历程分为业余足球主导期、职业足球改革探索期、职业足球稳定发展期3个阶段。归化运作逻辑体现:以技术足球理念为基准,合理实施归化行为;以填补位置短板为目的,提高国家队竞技水平;以保障职业角色转换为举措,营造良性发展氛围;以规避资源挤占矛盾为导向,逐步改变归化价值取向。启示:我国应厘清主体责任和发展理念,做好归化顶层设计;正视国家归化需求,消解文化融合与社会认同障碍;建立长效服务机制,扩大归化行为示范效应;把握足球运动规律,构建可持续发展模式。  相似文献   

关于足球鞋选用的分析     

葛爽 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(5):159-161

在现实的足球运动当中,许多球员(尤指业余爱好者)在球鞋选用方面都存在着一些问题,这十分不利于自我身心健康的发展和球技的有效发挥。为解决这一问题,对于足球鞋选用的理论探析则成为急切的必要条件。本文采用文本分析法和对比观察法,分析了不同特征的球员和各种类型的球鞋情况,认为足球运动员应自觉地根据自身的生理状况和踢球位置等特征来选择与之相适配的"战靴",以便在实际的活动中能够更加充分地发挥自己的驭球技艺,释放自我的运动激情,达成自我实现的目的。  相似文献   

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Portuguese Version of the Life Skills Scale for Sport     

José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento-Junior  Leonardo de Sousa Fortes  Gabriel Lucas Morais Freire  Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira  Lenamar Fiorese  Lorcan Donal Cronin 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2020,24(1):11-24

ABSTRACT

This research adapted the Life Skills Scale for Sport (LSSS) into Portuguese and provided evidence for its construct validity. Study 1 included four translators and five academics who developed a Portuguese version of the LSSS (P-LSSS). During this study, evidence for the content and substantive aspects of construct validity was provided using an expert panel and 25 sports participants. Study 2 included 413 participants that completed the P-LSSS. Within this study, evidence for the structural aspect of construct validity was provided via factor analyses. Study 3 included 134 participants who completed the P-LSSS and a measure of motivation. This study provided evidence for the external aspect of construct validity, with results showing more self-determined motivation had positive relationships with participant’s life skills development. Overall, our findings provided evidence for the construct validity of P-LSSS scores. Researchers and practitioners can use the P-LSSS to assess life skills development within sports participants.  相似文献   

“互联网+”下中国足球产业的创新发展和未来     

徐伟康  楼宇广 《山东体育科技》2020,(1):16-20

基于产业融合理论,运用文献法、逻辑分析法,探讨中国“互联网+足球”的理论依据与现实发展,构建足球产业的转型升级之路。“互联网+”的技术边界和足球产业的时空约束具有逻辑契合点,“互联网+足球”经过技术融合、业务融合、市场融合3个阶段。目前产业上游围绕赛事、版权形成寡头垄断市场,产业中下游形成垄断竞争市场。构建“互联网+足球”的创新发展,未来需要朝着纵向一体化打造产业生态,细分市场做到局部垄断,技术创新建立大数据资产等路径前进。  相似文献   

我国职业足球运动员转会管理方与俱乐部之间的委托代理问题     

辛松和 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2020,(2):17-22

运用文献论证、博弈分析等研究方法,对我国职业足球运动员转会管理方与俱乐部委托代理双方的委托代理问题进行分析。研究认为,管理方与俱乐部委托代理之间委托代理问题产生的主要根源在于职业足球运动员转会监管和处罚机制不完善或者说运动员转会监管和处罚制度存在漏洞。针对管理方与俱乐部委托代理之间委托代理问题产生的原因,提出完善运动员转会监管机制、加强管理方与俱乐部委托代理双方信息交流、完善运动员转会处罚机制等解决委托代理问题的具体路径,旨在为相关部门制订职业足球运动员转会制度提供借鉴。  相似文献   

An exploration of young professional football players’ perceptions of the talent development process in England     

《Sport Management Review》2020,23(3):536-547

The identification and development of players in English professional football has become an increasingly significant topic of debate given the historical perceived underperformance of the English national team at international tournaments. To enhance understanding of the challenges and barriers experienced by English youth footballers, the authors explore the developmental experiences of English professional football players from different levels of the English football pyramid. Professional players (N = 11) from football clubs in the top four professional divisions in England took part in individual semi-structured interviews, which were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. The data revealed three interrelated themes that were perceived to mediate player identification and development pathways at professional clubs. Pathways for young players to progress and experience first-team competitive football differed when the level of the league that the players operated within was considered, with significant issues also raised relating to the suitability of the under 21 league structure, the importance attached to the educational welfare of young players, and variations in the identification of player attributes. This study sheds new light on the priorities and processes of talent development and education provision in English football.  相似文献